THE GENETICAL LANGUAGE AS LINGUISTIC SYSTEM
Ratner V. A.
Institute of Cytology & Genetics, Theoretical Department, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia; E-mail: ratner@cgi.nsk.su
The system of the rules and regularities of genetic information records
within the sequences of DNA, RNA and proteins is considered as linguistic
system. The sequence of monomere symbols are considered as genetic texts
with their grammar; the encoded molecular features and functions - as elements
of semantics. The regularities of (1) genetic code, (2) separation of functional
units, (3) formation of punctuation marks, regulatory sites and regulatory
zones within genetic texts, (4)formation of spacial structure of proteins,
etc., - are among these rules. The most general rules and regularities
of the genetic language grammar and punctuation, semantics and synonymy,
hierarhical structure and block-modular principle, and also of its evolution
are described. Genetic language is the most ancient natural linguistic
system in the World. It is the language of self-reproduction, molecular
functioning, molecular component building, and external signal perception
of the cellular Molecular Genetic Regulatory System. The basic similarity
and partial differences between the features of genetic language, natural
human and artificial computer languages are demonstrated. They are reviewed
in context of "Human Genome" and similar projects of DNA sequencing.
Similarity is indication of common principles of organization and evolution
of natural linguistic systems.